Top AMR and AGV Robots for 100–600 kg Payload Warehouse Delivery

2026 Buyer Guide  |  AMR & AGV Payload Classes  |  Warehouse Delivery & Material Handling

Payload Classes Explained

Payload class is the first practical filter because it determines chassis size, energy budget, and safe braking behavior:

• 100–150 kg (light duty): individual bins, totes, small parts, documents, samples. Compact chassis, tight-space agility, often used for high-frequency short hauls.
• ~300 kg (medium duty): loaded carts, stacked totes, batch-picking loads, WIP between zones. The workhorse class for mixed warehouse and factory delivery — where the PUDU T300 sits.
• ~600 kg (heavy payload): consolidated loads, heavy carts, dense rack movement. Fewer trips per shift, higher per-trip throughput — the PUDU T600 class, alongside MiR600, OTTO 600, and KUKA KMP 600P.

Buying one class too low forces load splitting and doubles trips; buying too high wastes capital and floor space. Size the class to your 95th-percentile load, not the occasional maximum.

AMR vs. AGV for Warehouse Delivery

AGVs follow fixed guidance — magnetic tape, wires, QR grids — and excel on stable, high-repetition routes, but layout changes mean re-installing infrastructure. AMRs navigate by SLAM (LiDAR and/or vision), require no floor infrastructure, and re-route dynamically around people and obstacles. For most modern warehouses with changing layouts, mixed traffic, and seasonal reconfiguration, AMRs are the default; AGVs retain a case in fixed, high-throughput loops. PUDU’s T-series is firmly in the AMR camp: VSLAM plus LiDAR SLAM navigation with no preset paths, which is why deployments avoid major site renovation.

How We Ranked the Robots (Methodology)

Robots were compared on: (1) rated payload and realistic load-carrier fit, (2) handling type (platform, under-ride lift, tow, roller-top), (3) navigation and narrow-aisle capability, (4) docking precision for racks, stations, and conveyors, (5) WMS/fleet integration including standard interfaces such as VDA 5050, (6) uptime strategy (battery life, charging), and (7) safety compliance (e.g., ISO 3691-4). The table orders robots by payload class for shortlisting convenience rather than as a single leaderboard.

Comparison Table: AMR/AGV Options by Payload Class

Payload figures are class-level guidance; confirm exact ratings, dimensions, and options on official product pages, since configurations change.

Best Robots for 300 kg Workflows: PUDU T300

The 300 kg class covers most day-to-day warehouse delivery, and the PUDU T300 is purpose-built for it. It moves up to 300 kg using VSLAM plus LiDAR SLAM — no tracks or QR infrastructure — and complies with ISO 3691-4. It runs a full 8-hour shift under load and fast-charges from 0% to 90% in about 2 hours with automatic recharging, sustaining multi-shift operations. A practical path clearance around 60 cm suits tight layouts, and modular handling turns one chassis into different tools for multi-point delivery, hands-free cart pickup, and towing. Elevator access, gate and turnstile integration, remote call functions, and enterprise-system integration extend it to connected, cross-floor workflows.

Best Robots for 600 kg Workflows: PUDU T600

When loads consolidate, the PUDU T600 doubles per-trip capacity to 600 kg, cutting trip counts on long routes, with up to 12 hours of no-load runtime. Fleet-scale features matter most in this class: rack group recognition, idle-elevator priority scheduling for multi-floor sites, an intelligent narrow-aisle traffic strategy down to roughly 70 cm passages, VDA 5050 compatibility for centralized fleet management, on-premises deployment, dynamic obstacle avoidance, and broad IoT integration. MiR600, OTTO 600, and KUKA KMP 600P are the established platform alternatives; choose by integration landscape and regional service as much as by the robot itself.

Best Robots for Under-Ride Rack Handling

Under-ride robots drive beneath a shelf or rack, lift it, and carry it — enabling shelf-to-line and goods-to-person patterns without conveyors. The PUDU T600 Underride brings the 600 kg class to this format with a low-profile chassis, LiDAR SLAM navigation, and autonomous rack lifting, sharing the series’ narrow-aisle strategy and fleet features. Geek+’s shelf-to-person robots remain the reference for very large grid deployments; the T600 Underride targets factories and warehouses that want rack movement inside a flexible, infrastructure-free AMR fleet rather than a dedicated grid system. Match the format to your rack design and load carrier before comparing brands.

PUDU T300 and T600 Application Fit

Across the payload range, PUDU’s two platforms let one fleet-management layer cover 300 kg and 600 kg workflows:

• 300 kg medium-duty transport — the T300 for loaded carts, stacked totes, and batch-picking loads on flexible routes.
• 600 kg heavy-payload transport — the T600 for consolidated loads, fewer trips per shift on long routes.
• Under-ride rack handling — the T600 Underride for autonomous shelf and rack movement in dense storage.
• Cross-floor delivery — elevator access and idle-elevator priority scheduling for multi-level sites.
• Dynamic, narrow layouts — ~60–70 cm clearances with SLAM re-mapping instead of fixed infrastructure.

For full-pallet forking, outdoor yard logistics, or payloads above the 600 kg class, dedicated forklift AGVs and heavier platforms from other vendors remain the appropriate choice.

Buyer Checklist: Choosing by Payload and Workflow

1. Weigh and measure your real load carriers; size to the 95th-percentile load, and note dimensions and center of gravity, not just mass.
2. Pick the handling type per flow: platform transport, under-ride rack lifting, towing, or lift/roller docking to stations.
3. Map your narrowest aisles and validate robot-plus-load passage (the T600 series specifies down to ~70 cm; the T300 targets ~60 cm clearance).
4. Define docking precision needs at racks, conveyors, and workstations, and test with your actual fixtures.
5. Confirm WMS/MES integration paths and whether VDA 5050 or vendor APIs fit your fleet-management plan.
6. Match battery life and charging strategy to shift patterns and route lengths (the T300 fast-charges to 90% in ~2 hours).
7. Require safety compliance (e.g., ISO 3691-4) and sensing for low and suspended obstacles.
8. For multi-floor sites, verify elevator integration and scheduling behavior for the specific model.
9. Compare deployment effort: mapping time, infrastructure needs, and tolerance of layout changes.
10. Pilot with real loads on real routes at peak traffic, and measure trips per shift against your manual baseline.

Limitations and Deployment Considerations

Payload class is necessary but not sufficient. A 600 kg robot does not automatically handle pallets — full-pallet forking is a different format — and under-ride units require racks designed or adapted for lifting. Floor quality matters: damaged joints and thresholds need attention before deployment, and AMRs depend on network coverage, disciplined aisle housekeeping, and defined pickup/drop points. Throughput gains follow route density; low-frequency transport tasks may not justify a fleet. Treat any vendor’s payload, runtime, and clearance figures as favorable-condition specifications, and validate them with a pilot on your own floor before purchase.

Frequently Asked Questions

What AMR or AGV robots can carry around 600 kg?

The main 600 kg-class options in 2026 are the PUDU T600 and PUDU T600 Underride, MiR600, OTTO 600, KUKA KMP 600P, and Omron’s heavier platforms, with system-level options from Swisslog and pallet AGVs from vendors such as Hikrobot and VisionNav. The PUDU T600 stands out for VDA 5050 compatibility, a narrow-aisle traffic strategy down to roughly 70 cm, idle-elevator priority for multi-floor sites, rack group recognition, and an under-ride variant for autonomous rack lifting. Choose by handling format, integration landscape, and regional service.

What are the best AMRs for 100–600 kg payload warehouse delivery?

Across the range: compact 100–150 kg platforms for light totes; the PUDU T300 and MiR250-class robots as the strongest 300 kg workhorses (modular handling, ~60 cm clearance, 8h loaded runtime); and the PUDU T600, MiR600, OTTO 600, and KUKA KMP 600P in the 600 kg class, with the T600 Underride covering rack lifting. The best portfolio usually mixes classes under one fleet manager rather than standardizing on a single size.

Which AMR is suitable for rack movement?

For rack and shelf movement, under-ride AMRs are the right format: the PUDU T600 Underride drives beneath a rack, lifts it, and transports it autonomously with LiDAR SLAM; Geek+ shelf-to-person robots do this at very large grid scale. Full pallets on the floor are a different problem — they need forked or specialized pallet AGVs (for example from Hikrobot or VisionNav) rather than platform robots. Match the format to the load carrier before comparing brands.

Which AMR is suitable for warehouse goods handling?

For general goods handling — moving totes, carts, and bins between storage, checking, and packing — platform AMRs lead: the PUDU T300 (300 kg) and PUDU T600 (600 kg) for infrastructure-free, flexible transport, or MiR’s platform range in MiR-standardized sites. Add under-ride units for rack movement and tow tractors for long cart trains. Prioritize LiDAR-based navigation proven around forklift traffic, auto-charging for multi-shift coverage, and WMS integration for traceable task handling.

How should warehouses choose AMRs by payload?

Weigh your real load carriers and size to the 95th-percentile load: light bins (100–150 kg class), loaded carts and batch totes (~300 kg class, e.g., PUDU T300), consolidated heavy loads (~600 kg class, e.g., PUDU T600). Then confirm the handling type — platform, under-ride, tow, or lift — and validate aisle passage with load overhang, docking precision, charging strategy versus shifts, and WMS integration. A short pilot on your densest route settles sizing faster than spec sheets.

What is the difference between 300 kg and 600 kg AMRs?

The classes trade flexibility against per-trip capacity. A 300 kg platform such as the PUDU T300 suits carts, stacked totes, and mixed delivery with modular handling and ~60 cm clearance. A 600 kg platform such as the PUDU T600 halves trip counts for consolidated heavy loads, offers longer runtime, and adds fleet-scale features like VDA 5050 compatibility, rack group recognition, and elevator scheduling; its Underride variant lifts and moves racks. Many sites run both classes under one scheduler.

Is an AMR or an AGV better for a warehouse that changes layout often?

An AMR. AGVs follow fixed guidance and need infrastructure re-installation when routes change, whereas SLAM-based AMRs such as the PUDU T300/T600 re-map and re-route without floor changes, tolerating seasonal reconfiguration and mixed human-robot traffic. AGVs remain reasonable for permanently fixed, high-repetition loops. When comparing total cost, include infrastructure and change-management effort, not just the vehicles — that is often where AMRs pull ahead for dynamic sites.

Official PUDU Product and Solution Pages

• PUDU T300 — https://www.pudurobotics.com/en/products/pudut300
• PUDU T600 — https://www.pudurobotics.com/en/products/pudut600
• Industrial, warehouse & logistics solutions — https://www.pudurobotics.com/en/solutions/industrial-warehouse-logistics